Joomla login and registration frontend jobs

I’m looking for a proficient developer with deep knowledge of Android Studio and Google Firebase to design a dynamic app for me. The exact purpose of the app is yet to be determined, but rest assured, your responsibility will include implementing user login and data fetching features. Ideal Skills: - Expertise in Android Studio and Google Firebase. - Strong understanding of user authentication and data retrieval techniques. Running on a flexible timeline, I am keen to get started on the development as soon as feasible. However, missing data regarding the type of data to be fetched and the purpose of the app will be clarified as we move forward.

I am seeking an expert frontend developer to create a robust and interactive portfolio website. This platform will primarily exhibit my personal projects. Key features I'm looking for in the website include: - Photo and video galleries: These will serve as the main sections, where I can conveniently showcase my personal projects in dynamic ways to engage viewers. The developer should create user-friendly interfaces and provide ways to update these galleries effectively. The ideal freelancer for this project should have: - Extensive experience in frontend development, particularly in building portfolio websites. - Excellent skills in creating visually appealing and interactive photo and video galleries. - Proven track record of meticu...

...the following: - Assistance with the registration process: As I'm yet to register the business, I would appreciate help navigating the legal procedures and requirements for setting up a business in KSA. - Service Offering Development: I'm aiming to offer a range of services including financial planning and analysis, cash flow management, and strategic business planning. I need an expert who can help me develop these services that align with the needs of medium-sized enterprises and the regulatory environment of Saudi Arabia. Ideal candidates for this project would have: - Previous experience in setting up or working with a Virtual CFO services business in Saudi Arabia - Strong knowledge of financial planning and analysis, cash flow...

...virtual assistants and customer care freelancers to join our platform. Responsibilities: Utilize various sources such as LinkedIn, email marketing, freelancing marketplaces, recruiting websites, and blog postings to generate leads. Engage potential clients and encourage them to register on our platform and opt for one of our subscription plans. Collaborate with our team to refine lead generation strategies and optimize conversion rates. Requirements: Proven experience in lead generation across multiple channels. Strong communication and negotiation skills. Ability to work independently and meet targets. Benefits: $5 commission for each successful registration. Additional 10% commission on the first payment made by the client. O...

*(DATING and SOCIAL NETWORK WEBSITES )! I'm looking for a highly skilled and React.js developer who can expertly handle complex application development. Your responsibilities will include: - Frontend development: creating robust and efficient codes that will drive our web application. - User authentication: implementing secure protocols for signing in and maintaining user sessions. - Advanced UI components: building sophisticated UI features that dovetail effectively with user actions and responses. - Real-time data synchronization: making sure our user's data synchronizes in real time, ensuring a seamless user experience across devices. - Seamless integration with various third-party APIs, crucial for expansive functionality Ideal ...

I need a proficient Laravel developer to handle frontend development for my project. The successful applicant should specialize in creating clean, minimalistic designs and can effectively manage the PHP, Laravel framework. Key responsibilities: - Frontend development - Creating a user interface with a minimalistic and clean design - Coding in PHP, Laravel Ideal skills and qualifications: - Proficient in PHP, Laravel - Strong frontend development skills - Excellent eye for minimalistic UI design - Solid experience creating user-friendly, clean interfaces. In your proposal, please highlight your experience in Laravel frontend development and share samples of clean, minimalistic designs you've previously created.

...to be versatile and user-friendly. This platform will primarily focus on job search functionality, so a keen understanding of efficient and effective search structures is important. Key Project Components: - Develop a platform using React, Redux, Tailwindcss, Material UI. - Incorporate a search job function. The client has not specified any particular filters, so the focus should be on generic job search filters like keyword, job title, company, etc. - Include a minimalist design focusing on user experience and ease of navigation. - The platform should have only job search functionality, and it is not required to have "apply to jobs" functionality. Ideal Skills: - Extensive experience in React, Redux, Tailwindcss, Material UI. - Proven background...

We are in need of a skilled web app developer to create an AI-powered text classification system. We are looking for a developer to make a web app that is able to accept any kind of raw text or a pdf and extract raw text from it. So, the initial page can have 2 options for Data Source: Raw Text and PDF (We might add support for other input formats as well in the future). Next, once we have the text available, it should split the text based on the lines. It can split on the full stop character. And then every line must be sequentially given to a ML model. This would be a text classification huggingface model, which can be instantiated via this code: from transformers import pipeline pipe = pipeline("text-classification", model="legal-text-classif...

...website should be designed to accommodate various features. These include user registration and profiles, private messaging between users, and invoice generation and payment processing. - Additional Features: The platform will also support image and video uploads, as well as feature a news feed and timeline. The website is intended to serve as a platform for users to post content, interact with one another, and engage in agreements that can be followed up with invoicing for services rendered. Ideal candidates should have a proven track record of developing social networking sites, with a deep understanding of user experience and payment processing integration. Experience in handling image/video uploads and news feed/tim...

...their preferred pieces with various metals and stones, and have them manufactured and delivered to their doorstep. Key Objectives: 1. Designer Showcase: Curate and display a diverse range of jewelry designs from talented designers across India. 2. Customization options : Users can choose various customisation options mentioned on design details page 3. Chat : Redirect to WhatsApp from design details page for seamless sales and support experience. Website Features: 1. User Authentication(designers and customers): Implement user registration and login functionality to enable personalized experiences and order tracking. 2. Designer Dashboard: Create a dashboard for designers to upload their designs, manage inve...

...Description: We are seeking an experienced web developer with a strong background in PHP and CakePHP 2.x framework to integrate Google Sign-In into our existing web application. Our application currently follows a multi-step flow and uses MVC architecture. The integration must be seamless and maintain the current workflow. Objectives: Google Sign-In Integration: Implement Google Sign-In to allow users to authenticate using their Google accounts. User Redirects: After successful authentication, users should be redirected to the 'typeform11' page as part of our existing workflow. User Data Retrieval: Retrieve and display the user's Google account information including profile picture, email address, and name on the redirected page. Error ...

...Angular developer to build the frontend of a web application for small businesses. It is a low code framework, in which the user defines the components of his webpage (Data fields, filters, columns, Actions, Editor..) and a page containing the grid and others will be dynamically rendered according to its definition class.. Other details to be discussed. This app should feature: - Drag and Drop Functionality: You should be adept at creating user-friendly drag-and-drop interfaces. - Form Builder: A key element of this app is a customizable form builder, aligned with user needs and integrations. In terms of aesthetics and functionality, an interactive design approach is sought after. Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in Angular,...

...require a user login and registration system for customers to make purchases. This is the reference website: Now, let’s talk about the specific tasks: - Set up of WordPress and WooCommerce: You'll handle the necessary server work to get the site functional. I've chosen WordPress as the platform, and you'll have to integrate it with WooCommerce to provide the e-commerce capabilities we're after. - Theme selection and setup: I'll need your assistance in choosing a WordPress theme that will best suit my business needs. Once we've found a suitable one, you'll be tasked with the setup and customisation of this theme to fit our brand. - Testing functionality: After everything is set up, I need you t...

We are looking to build a 2D top-down design app with a 3d rendering - Similar to The frontend bootstrap5 template is complete. The GLTF models are complete and we have a range of textures. We have a backend developer in the company to integrate and I have worked in the kitchen industry - Retail and manufacturing for over 15 years.

Can u work now, click on the referral link of userA and register and get click count and register count showing for userA the new registration will be under that userA referral listing Html frontend just simple showing will do After done and get award thrn start teach me by usd 3 per hour whenever discussion. Long term project

...well-versed in NextJS and Tailwind CSS to create specific pages for my project layout. These include: - Homepage - About page I need a tutorial-type website similar to W3Schools or Tutorial Point, specifically designed in Next.js. For this, I only need the layout, including dummy header, footer, and sidebar. The main focus should be on making the sidebar fully responsive. To explain with a direct example, you can visit w3schools.com. I need a frontend layout where there's a component folder containing files for static sidebar placement manually. In the 'pages' folder, this sidebar should be imported along with the header and footer in such a way that if, for example, I need a tutorial on HTML, there should be a sidebar for HTML topics within t...

I'm seeking a skilled JavaScript professional to optimize the performance of...Node.js. The site is currently experiencing slowing due to performance issues with the JavaScript code, particularly impacting the user interface interactions. With your expertise in JavaScript proficiency and website optimization: * Address the performance issues impacting the user interface interactions * Clean and optimize the JavaScript code to enhance site speed * Ensure seamless user experience on the site without compromising with performance and visuals # website link - id - 123456789 pswrd - 123456 JavaScript proficiency, understanding of Node.js, and experience with website optimization are ideal skills for this project. Familiarity with gaming websites is a definite...

...please do not bid ** I'm in need of an experienced React developer, proficient in user authentication, data visualization, and responsive design, to craft a CRM application. Key requirements: - User Authentication: Create a secure login system to ensure the safety of our customer's data. - Data Visualization: Implement interactive graphs and charts to help us analyze customer interactions and make informed decisions. - Responsive Design: Ensure the application is user-friendly and functional across all devices. In addition, the CRM must integrate seamlessly with a customer support ticket system, allowing us to manage client inquiries efficiently. Your expertise in React and CRM development will be essential to the successful comp...

...various data sources and publish them as endpoints. and call api and generate code on database procedure . The backend should be developed using Node.js, and the frontend can be either JavaScript or React. Key Requirements: - Ability to create POST (Create), GET (Read), and PUT (Update) API endpoints. - Capable of connecting to different data sources, including relational databases, NoSQL databases, and external APIs. - Handling authentication and security using JWT, OAuth, and Basic Authentication. Ideal Skills: - Strong experience in Node.js for backend development. - Proficiency in frontend development, particularly in JavaScript or React. - Previous experience in creating dynamic API tools and working w...

...centralized, customer-oriented website and application for my business. The primary purpose of this platform is to facilitate information sharing and, most importantly, to host a comprehensive product or service catalog. Key Features: - Product/Service Catalog: The platform should serve as a repository for our offerings, allowing customers to browse our array of products/services. - User Registration/Login: In order to access and potentially purchase from the catalog, customers should be able to create accounts and log in securely. - Responsive Design: An intuitive and responsive design is crucial to ensure an optimal user experience across different devices. The ideal candidate for this project should have: - Proven experience in deve...

I am in immediate search of a medical billing specialist with an eye for detail. You will carry out specific tasks such as: -Patient Data Entry from Digital Form Registration [HTML] in medical records online platform. Furthermore, the project largely involves data entry tasks; inputting patient information and procedure codes. As such, you must be proficient with: - Medical billing software () - Electronic health record (EHR) system Familiarity with these software tools are considered a special asset. If you have the necessary skills and hands-on experience, please don't hesitate, bid now!

I'm seeking a skilled developer to create a high-quality, cross-platform application targeted towards the general public. To be a top ...contender for this project: - You should be proficient in cross-platform app development, with a portfolio showcasing your relevant experiences. - The app should capably handle user registration and login processes, in-app purchases, and sending push notifications. - User-friendliness and a seamless experience should be at the forefront in your development approach. Your responsibility will be to design, develop, and test the app across all desired platforms, ensuring all functionalities are implemented effectively. The final product should be an engaging, fully-functioning app that resonates with...

Looking for a talented React Frontend developer to assist in creating a sophisticated web application. Key requirements: - Proven experience building web applications using React framework - Familiarity with creating intuitive dashboards - Experience implementing authentication features - Ability to integrate a functional chatbot - Detail-oriented and exceptional UI/UX skills - Knowledge in frontend performance optimization Strong applicants will have a depth of experience in the above areas and be ready to hit the ground running. Let's connect to discuss the details further.

...different Arabic dialects closer than ever and to enable foreign students to speak & communicate in Arabic with different Arab nationalities in the fastest way possible. * Job Summary: We are looking for a Software Developer Freelancer who will help us with the integration of Stripe within our systems. We already configured Stripe and are currently using it for our subscriptions but manually updating the payments in our education management software where we manage students, tutors, schedules, and billing). The software developer will mainly need to focus on automating this existing process to reduce the total time we spend and complexity. * Responsibilities ??‍♀️ 1. Refinement and Planning Refining the integration scope based on the exist...

I'm seeking a skilled web developer to cre...PDF files in a database. Key requirements are: • Implement an alert system, which both sends an email notification and highlights a newly added module on the website. • The portal should allow direct access without the need for user authentication - no registration or login process. • The portal needs to connect with cloud storage solutions such as Dropbox or Google Drive, for seamless integration of new PDF module uploads. The ideal person for this project will have extensive experience in web development, particularly in creating interactive and dynamic web portals. Proficiency in integrating with cloud storage solutions is essential. The ability to implement a crisp and efficient al...

...create a comprehensive job portal with features akin to those found on Work India. Ideal candidates possess an in-depth understanding of portal development and relevant skills, coupled with experience developing web applications and job portals. The job portal needs to encompass: * Job search functionality: This is a pivotal feature that needs to be user-friendly and efficient. Users should be able to search jobs programmatically. * User registration and login: There should be a secure and easily manageable user authentication system. * Employer dashboard: Employers should have a dashboard enabling them to post jobs, view applicants, and manage listings. Additional features desired: * Resume builder: To aid applicants in cre...

...designed to operate similar to with a few specific requirements in mind. Key components of the platform include: - User Registration and Login: The platform should allow for user registration and login with appropriate details, ensuring a personalized experience for users. - Instant Delivery via Email: Upon processing of a purchase, instant delivery of the gaming product should be sent to the user via email. This is a crucial feature that should be handled effectively and securely. - Product Search and Filtering: The platform should have a robust search and filtering system in place to help users easily navigate, search, and find the gaming products they are interested in. Payment Methods: - Credit/Debit Card: It&...

I'm looking for a skilled frontend developer to help me build a modern, responsive web application. The project requires a deep understanding of HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Angular, and React. Key requirements: - Proficient in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Angular, and React - Strong experience in developing responsive web applications - Prior experience with implementing user authentication and authorization systems - Capable of integrating animations and transitions in web pages Your role will be to: - Develop a fluid, responsive, and user-friendly web application - Implement user authentication and authorization features - Ensure a seamless and visually appealing user experience with animations and transitions Your expertise in ...

This is a simple project. It requires 2 sections • Employee section • User section And the whole concept is about creating a conditional & dynamic form using gravity form or any other form plugin, and adjust some automations using zapier or any other automation tool like that. Employee section: • Employee register form • Employee dashboard Employee register form ham gravity form main bhi bana sakte hai, ya fir “ultimate members” plugin ko bhi use karke bana sakte hai. Iss se employee ko ek dashboard bhi mil jayega. User Section: • User ko register karne keliye bhi ek form rehega. Jisko ham gravity form main bhi bana sakte hai, ya fir “ultimate members” ko use karke bhi bana sakte hai. • User project submission form ...

...Candidate Registration: A feature for candidates to sign up for our services, providing their details and specifications. - Employer Registration: A space for employers to sign up and list job openings. - Basic Information Page: A central place for visitors to obtain details about our agency. The types of jobs we will be focusing on are currently to be decided, so the ideal professional will have experience in creating flexible solutions that can adapt to different job types in due course. Candidates should have the ability to upload their resume during the application process. Therefore, experience in integrating file upload functionality is necessary. A clean, user-friendly interface is a must, with seamless navigation for both candidates and empl...

I'm seeking an expert frontend designer, proficient in Tailwind CSS to craft a high-standard corporate website. Your role would primarily be to develop visually appealing and intuitive interfaces to help portray a polished corporate identity. Primary Skills Needed: - Proficient in Tailwind CSS - Experience in designing corporate websites - Strong understanding of UI/UX principles - Detail-oriented approach Although the primary objectives for the website haven't been defined, a freelancer with experience in building versatile websites that can accommodate for lead generation, product or service information display, and brand visibility is highly desirable. The ability to recommend features aimed at accomplishing these potential objectives would be a plus. ...

I'm seeking an expert frontend designer, proficient in Tailwind CSS to craft a high-standard corporate website. Your role would primarily be to develop visually appealing and intuitive interfaces to help portray a polished corporate identity. Primary Skills Needed: - Proficient in Tailwind CSS - Experience in designing corporate websites - Strong understanding of UI/UX principles - Detail-oriented approach Although the primary objectives for the website haven't been defined, a freelancer with experience in building versatile websites that can accommodate for lead generation, product or service information display, and brand visibility is highly desirable. The ability to recommend features aimed at accomplishing these potential objectives would be a plus. ...

Here's some information on how the API calls on how the "idToken" is received. Step 1 Login Flow & API call: 1. On the web page, Fill up the email & password on the login page. Press on "login" 2. A POST API call is made to "" with returns set-cookies in the response header. It contains the "APPSESSID" cookie. This cookie will be used in the next API call. Step 2 On the web page, Once you've landed on the homepage, Click on "Competitions" in the navigation tabs on the Left: 1. This would make a POST API call to "" which uses the "APPSESSID" cookie mentioned above. 2. The response of this API call should return "idToken" as one of the field Here are the Acceptance Crite...

I'm seeking a skilled web developer to create a dynamic sports betting website. Key skills and experience ideally include: - Expertise in creating secure, user-friendly login and registration functions. - Ability to integrate live updates of odds and results. - Proficiency in setting up payment systems for user deposits and withdrawals. The website will solely focus on sports betting, particularly for football and basketball. Coding to accommodate these sports specifically is desired. Experience in the betting industry web development is an asset. The website should provide exceptional user experience, with simple navigation and engaging design. Eventual upkeep and version upgrading could be part of our ongoing relations...

start with a backend laravel project, with html frontend readed and admin dashboad template i will do it, create slowly and i learn it i cannot pay much.. i can work only usd 3 hours... using anydesk... so you can start your career in freelancer with my review 5 stars every usd 15 (every 5 hours ) as a single project .. in return of teach me in low budget Type 332 prove u read my message or else all rejected with out say hi to u this work is permenent, if you suddenly get a high salary job and disappear then please dont take this job sir, thanks using github as well work immediately

build an app like myfitnesspal for me The must-have features of this project include a User Registration/Login system. This will ensure that all users have unique profiles and will help foster a sense of community on our platform. Core Requirements: * Expertise in Flutter Development * Proficiency in iOS app development * Experience with user registration/login features * Strong understanding of UI for social networking apps Bring your skill, innovation, and dedication to this project, and together, we'll build an app that brings people together. Let's build something great!

...various devices, providing an optimal user experience. - Interactive Maps and Animations: The front-end should include interactive elements such as maps and animations to enhance user engagement. - Design Preferences: I am looking for a minimalistic and clean design, as well as an elegant and modern design. If you have experience with these design styles, it would be a great advantage. Experience with Joomla CMS is a plus, as this is my preferred content management system. Your familiarity with Joomla will help ensure a seamless integration of the front-end with the back-end. The successful candidate for this project will have a strong portfolio demonstrating their web design skills and experience. Effective communication and a p...

I am looking for an exceptional web developer to create a website for listing rental properties. Th...The main objective of this website is to facilitate property owners in advertising their rental properties and prospective tenants in their property search. Key Features Required: - User Registration and Personal Dashboard: The website should allow users to create personal accounts, list their properties, and view responses. Skills and Experience Required: - Proven track record in website development specifically for property rental, or similar industry. - Proficiency in database management for user dashboard functionality. Note: This project does not require integration of a mapping feature. Anticipate a clean, user-friendly interface that prioritize...

...a comprehensive set of policies for my driver app, MartaRide. It will be used for registration in Uganda NITA SERVICES * Android Rider App: * Android Driver App: * iOS Rider App: https: * iOS Driver App: https: I need all the documents below green light on the attached image. Key Policies and Requirements: - Safety policies: I need you to create a system that enables real-time tracking of drivers, an emergency SOS button for drivers, and a robust driver background check system. - Customer service policies: I need you to

I'm looking for a skilled HTML and CSS developer to help with the customization of my Okta login page for desktop. I have a vision of how I would like the page to look, and I can provide the default Okta login page HTML code to work with. I will provide an image to show what I want final login page to look like Key Requirements: - Intermediate level of customization: I'm seeking changes beyond just basic color and font alterations. This will involve specific layout changes and the integration of custom graphics. - Desktop focus: The customization should be optimized for desktop users, ensuring seamless functionality and aesthetics on this platform. Your Responsibilities: - Translate my vision: I will provide some graphics ...

As the project owner, I'm searching for a skilled Python and Angular developer. Your primary responsibilities will involve: - Developing robust web applications - Producing APIs - Developing frontend interfaces Please make sure your application highlights your past experience specifically related to Python and Angular. Moreover, it is essential that you are familiar with Angular, ReactJS, and Python. The delivered work must be high-quality, easily maintainable, and innovative. Efficiency and productivity are highly valued in this project, so proven experience in similar tasks is an advantage.

...for users to find escorts and for escorts to promote their services. Key features that should be integrated into the site include: - User Registration and Profiles: Each user, both escorts and clients, should have a unique profile where they can manage their information, preferences, and bookings. - Payment Gateway Integration: The website should have a secure payment system that supports different payment methods to facilitate transactions between escorts and clients. - Advertisement System: I would like a system where both paid and free ads can be posted. - Admin Panel: An easy-to-use and comprehensive admin panel is essential for me to manage the website effectively. It should allow me to monitor users, ads, transactions, ...

I'm looking for a skilled developer with an extensive background in Vue.js, , and Laravel, to specifically customize the frontend design and backend functionality of my existing system. In order to submit successful applications, freelancers must: - Include detailed project proposals. - Have hands-on experience in Laravel. Experience in system customization is an added advantage. I'm excited to see your proposals and discuss how we can improve my system together.

... The main goal of this platform is to connect buyers with sellers. I envision a user-friendly platform that is easy to navigate for both sellers and buyers. Key Features: - **User Registration**: I want users to have the convenience of signing up through both email and social media accounts. - **Product Listing**: Sellers should have the ability to easily list their products. - **Messaging System**: Buyers should be able to contact sellers through an in-platform messaging system, but also through WhatsApp. - **Payment Options**: I want the integration of Credit/Debit Cards, PayPal, and Cryptocurrency as the payment methods. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience with e-commerce platform development - Proficiency in integrating multiple...

...developed a chatbot using Python, and I'm in need of a ReactJS expert to help me establish a seamless communication channel between the chatbot and the frontend. Key tasks include: - Setting up a REST API: I'm looking to have the chatbot communicate with the ReactJS frontend via a RESTful API. This will involve ensuring that the API is correctly implemented and that data can flow smoothly between the two components. - Implementing Chatbot Features: For this specific project, I need the chatbot to primarily focus on answering frequently asked questions. You'll be responsible for integrating the relevant responses into the chatbot and ensuring that they are displayed appropriately on the ReactJS frontend. Ideal Skills &...

As a PHP and MySQL expert, your task will be to fix a challenge I'm facing with PHPSpreadsheet. My Excel data is not being imported correctly into MySQL as tables are not being created. Despite no error messages alerting me to these issues, the hiccup persists. Below is a more detailed description. After login, the user uploads 4 required and 2 optional Excel files on the dashboard page. The files are uploaded to an “upload” folder on the server and the file names and other info are stored in the “files” table of the mysql database. All of the above works with no problems. Once the actions above are complete, a button at the bottom of the dashboard page is activated. When the button is pressed, PHPSpreadsheet is used to ...

I'm in need of a talented web developer to help me build an SMM (Social Media Marketing) panel website. This is a unique project and the website must be user-friendly and visually appealing. Key Features: - **User Management:** I'll need the website to facilitate effective user management. This will include user registration, user profile management, and any necessary administrative controls. - **Simplicity and Attractiveness:** The website should be simple to navigate for users, with an intuitive layout. It should also be visually attractive in order to engage users effectively. I'll provide you with an example site for reference, so you'll have a good idea of what I'm looking for. Since I don't have a specific deadlin...

...dynamic online portal to manage trainee folders and facilitate client access to potential candidates. This innovative platform will serve as a central hub for storing trainee information, including skill sets, training matrices, videos, and personal details. As the chosen freelancer, your responsibilities will include designing and implementing a user-friendly interface that allows for easy navigation and efficient organization of trainee folders. Integration of features such as secure login systems, customizable user profiles, and search functionalities will be crucial to ensure smooth user experience. Moreover, you'll be tasked with creating a client portal where prospective employers can browse through candidate folders, review their c...

I need an experienced and reliable Java developer to build the backend for a user registration page. The functionalities and specific requirements include: - Implementing basic user registration features requesting name and email. There should not be any social media integrations or two-factor authentication involved. - Ensuring secure data handling and privacy of users' information. Ideal skills and experiences include: - Proficiency in Java and in building user registration modules. - Experience in ensuring data privacy and security. Your extensive experience in creating swift and secure registration processes is crucial for this project.

I have a website and I would like to have an app linked to my website. What I need is the login page and 2 screens. One to display the attendance and the second one to display the student score. Also should allow push notifications from teachers when the studen is present or absent